Organ



Patented Mar. 29, 1927.

UNITED STATES PAUL WALCKER, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THEODER, GERMANY.

ORGAN.

Application filed July 3, 1922, Serial No. 572,656, and in Germany July6, 1921.

This invention relates to organs and more particularly to means forcontrolling the individual tones and registers or stops. An object ofthe invention is to produce an organ which is simple in operation andwhose individual notes and stops are all controlled by devices of apractically similar type. This objectis accomplished by arranging themeans Yfor controlling the notes or tones and the stops in such a mannerthat each of the electric circuits used for any of the variouscontrolling functions has only a single contact whose members areoperated mechanically. Associated with each circuit is a simple devicewhich admits or cuts oil compressed air. from a common wind chest to thepipes. This device consists of a valve lever ulcrumed at the middle andprovided on both ends with bellows which, when supplied with, ordeprived of, air open or close the passage to the pipes. Air is admittedor let out of the bellows through intersecting channels or conduitswhich may be arranged at the bottom or top of the Wind chest, each orthe said conduits being opened and closed by a double-actingelectrically controlled valve in practically the same manner. Inaccorciance with the invent-ion this valve consists oit tworeciprocating disks or closing members one ol which is connected withthe bellows which may be supplied with or deprived of, air atwill.Compressed air is admitted and taken from the bellows b means of afurther double valve with the aid oi an electrical device which isoperated either by turning the electric current on or oil. The electriccurrent is controlled by a single contact with movable members. Byarrangements of this kind similar controlling iueans are enaliled to beemployed both for preparing the operation or playing of the orga-n bymeans ol the electrical stop contacts and lor the actual playing of theindividi'ial notes.

'lo enable each of the controlling functions to be performed by means ofa single contact. special devices are required which have to be arrangeddifferently for the stops and the individual notes in accordance withknown methods. According to the invention this is accomplished byemploying for the control of the notes an adjustable movable contactmember which co-operates with another movable contact member. The sec#ond movable contact is preferably used for the aforementionedpreparatory operation. ln the stop controlling device the one Contactmember is movable, while the other is tired. rlhe movable member isoperated by a lever which can be worked by the organ players helpers andits arrangement is preferably such that its motions can be observed bythe player at the key board. It a crescendo is required a correspondingsecond lever is provided which acts upon the same Contact.

To enable. a non-rubbing or pressure oontact of the kind contemplated bythe invention to be used sparkless operation is imperative and inaccordance with this in* vention this is accomplished by arranging thevarious functions to be each performed by a magnet which consumes onlyabout one watt, the inductance of the magnet being so small that anon-inductive resistance bridged across the contact will be sure toprevent sparking. In cases in which a considerable amount of work has tobe performed the employment of one watt magnets is rendered lpossible byusing several of them and closing the circuit of each by means of relaycontacts each of which is also operated by a magnet of the said type.The whole ar-y rangement in accordance with the invention is adapted forall kinds of current such as continuous and alternating high or lowvoltage currents. In the case of a low voltage supply circuit themagnets are operated in parallel, the voltage required being about l0volts. It supply circuits of higher voltages are employed the magnetsare connected in series, the individual magnets responding to a drop ofpotential of about l volt.y The coils of the magnets must of course beadapted to this drop otpotential.

'.lhe invention is illustrated by way of en ample iu the drawinginwhich-d Fig. l is a section through a wind chest in the plane of theconduits and their associated valves for the individual tone, thisligure also diagrammatically illustrating the controlling devices forthe tones.

Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate circuits for controlling individual tones.

Fig. l is a detail of Fig. l on a larger scale Fig. 5 is a cross sectionon the line 5-5 of Fig. l and a section through a device for actuating astop or register controlling contact.

Referring to the drawing al, a? and (i3 are pipes whose Valves projectinto small air distribution chambers 1, Zig, b3 located in the top coverof the wind chest. The pipes belonging to the various stops or registersare supplied with air from the said distribution chambers into which airis admitted through passages c1, c2, 03 that can be closed by hingedvalves (Z1, (Z2, CZ, (Z32. Each hinged valve has two bellows one on eachside of its fulcrum Q1. These bellows are operated by compressed airadmitted mto, or allowed to escape from, the conduits f1, g1, g2, f2, f,7", (Q31, ,Vf/32. The conduits g1. g2, gal are all connected to apassage g which can be made to communicate with the compressed airchamber Ztl or cut otf .from this 'chamber and simultaneously connectedwith the atmosphere. The manner in which the passage g is connected toor disconnected from. fthe chamber Ztl and the atmosphere will beexplained hereinafter. The channel 51" is connected to a channel whichis similar to the channel (f and by this means the pipes UF can beaffected by wind admitted from two dilferent directions.

rEhe conduit f2 has air admitted into, or cut otl from, it. in a similarmanner to the channel g as shown in Fig. 5. The conduits f1, 7G31, ft2,etc. have air admitted to, or cut off from, them by yalyes which areindividual to these conduits.

las shown in Fig. 1 the air in the channel g is controlled with the aidof a solenoid i whose movable core has a head which normally closes anopening Ze, this openinicr or Aport Ze being permanently connected tothe chamber Ztl of the wind chest. When the solenoid i is energized itraises its movable core so as to open the port Zz whilst closing a portm which normally establishes communication with the atniosphere. By thisaction of the solenoid the bellows a, whose exterior is subjected to thepressure of the air in the wind chest, has tcon'ipressed air admittedinto it so that the closingv member is shifted to the right so as to cutofi7 the passagel ff from the chamber Ztl or wind chest, while the disl;u allows the channel g to communicate with the atmosphere. ll'hencompressed air is let out of the bellows o1. the opposite eltectaccomplished.

The admi. 'n of the pressed air on both sides of the member o resultsthat this member is moved to the right because the air acts first on thedisl; p being in compact connection with the member 0, until the member0 closes the opening at its right hand surface. The opposite effect isobtained when the inside of the bellow n is out of connection with thepressed air so that the air pressure only acts from the outside of thebellows n, whereby the parts 0 and p are retracted to the left.

The valve with two closers or disks shown in Fig. operates in a similarmanner7 except, that this yalre, which controls the port, is operated inan opposite sense, i. e. the port t norn ally, that is to say when thesolenoid 'Z1 is not energized, is open so as to connect the interior ofthe bellows 01.1 with the windchcst Zi?. In this case, the plate 'urigidly connected to the core of the solenoid under the influence of theweight of the core, rests upon the base of the casing enclosing thevalve so as to hold open the hole or port zt, while the upper portconnecting the interior of the valve with the openair being closed bythe core` itself. Then the solenoid is energized the core will be raisedand the upper port will become open while the plate u hayingthe samediameter as the hole or port 2f will enter the port and close the same.i

The hinged Valve (Z1, which is fulcrumed at Q1, is acted upon by springr1 which maintains the -valve with its left hand portion up against theopposite co-operatiug surface as shown, even when there is no wind inthe chamber ZIB, that is to say when there is Ano wind in the organ.Similar springs are provided in all the other hinged valves. Asillustrated in the drawing?T the hinged Valve Z1 is acted upon by thecompressed air in the channel g1, there being; no compressed air in theconduit f1. "When the compressed air is discharged from the conduit g1the hinged valve (Z1 is maintained in the same position, because theleft hand lever of the same longer than its right hand lever so that theair in the chamber ZL1 forces the left hand part of the Valve up againstits co-operating or'campanion surface. lVhen compressed air is admittedfrom the chamber Ztl into the conduit f1 the valve is swung round sothat its right end is raised while its left end descends` a connectionbeing then established between the wind chest Zil and the pipe nissagec1 through the port s1 in the valve (Z.

The valves (Z2 and (Z32 are similar to valve (Z1. In the position of thevalve (Z2 shown in fuli lines which corresponds to the illustratedposition ot closing member 0 and disk j, the interior of the chamberZi.2 is disconiiected from the pipe passage cg. 1When the valve CZ2 isin the position shown in dotted lines owing to the increment of parts olxnd i 'from the left to the right connection established between thechamber Z1? and pipe channel cL as indicated by the arrow.

Valves CZ2 shown as to be iu such a position. rl`he pipe a (Fig. l) maybe. played by air admitted through different inlets controlled bydiierent yalyes as (Ztl, CZ. This arrangement is necessary fortransmissions and when ditier nt claviers are coupled to each other,etc. T he chambers ZN, Zz?, Z1.3 are all in communication with eachother so that they may be regarded as a common wind chest. Instead ofoperating valves by solenoids z' magnets may be used which operate thevalves .by means of hinged armatures or the like. When alternatingcurrent is employed for operating the valves the pref-v erence willgenerally be given to solenoids as they are better for the prevention ofnoises.

The construction of the valve is such as to make them suitable for massproduction and to be screwed singly or as individual parts to the windtrunk. Similar' types of valves lmay be employed for operating orputting on the stops and tor-controlling the individual tones. Exhaustvalves or normally deflated valves in accordance with Fig. 1 arepreferably used for operating the individual tones, while normallyinflated valves are preferably employed for operating the stops, becausethe function initiated` by the stops may lag to a certain extent behindtheir operation while the tones must sound immediately their controlvalves are operated.

Fig. 2 illustrates circuits which are suitable for operation with a lowcontinuous current voltage of say ten volts. The magnet 1 is'energizedby current from a suitable curfrent source such as a battery 2 when thecontact members 3, 4 or 31, 41 are closed. The contact members 3 and 31and also the members 4 and 41 are all movable. The members 4 and 41 maybe set to certain positions by preparatory adjusting operations, and themembers 3 and 31 are operated when the organ is played. Such preparatoryadjustments are effected when the individual tones and stops arecontrolled from difi'erent positions. Contacts which are closed bymerely pressing the members together, without any rubbing action takingplace, can only be used if sparking is prevented by a suitable meanssuch as a noninductive resistance. A spark preventer 5 of this kind isshown in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 3 a Contact with similar contact members 3, 4 is shown whichcontrols two nagnets 60, 61 that are switched one after the other. thenthe contact 3, 4 is closed the magnet 60 is energized and its armature 7switches on the magnet 61. Here also each contact is provided with a.spark preventer 50, 51. The armature 7 may be arranged to switch on notonly a single magnet 61 but a series of such magnets one after theyother whose individual contacts are each provided with a sparkpreventer. The object ot this arrangement is to enable more than onemagnet to be switched on or off without sparks arising at thc contacts.By subdividing the circuits et the magnets in this manner it is possibleto eliminate the sparking effects due to the small inductances of thevarious magnets by a small resistance associated with the contact ofeachsmallmagnet. This arrangement. is particularly applicable forcontrolling individual tones in big organs with dif vided wind trunksand having, ten stops for one manual.

`When the 'organ 1s operated `froman altersay, more than lnating currentsupply source, so that the solenoids do not keep their cores perfectlystill when energized, the arrangen'ient preferably 'employed will bethat shown in F ig. 5, in which the bellows nl are deflated when thecore of the solenoid is attracted. The deflation of the bellows nl isefl'ected by the head u ot' the core of the solenoid l being caused toclose the bottom port t while establishing a connection between theinterior of the bellows nl and the atmosphere through the second portlocated above the port t.

The relay cont-act o which is closed Aby the armature 7 (Fig. 3)corresponds to a similarly designated contact in Fig. 1 which cooperateswith a spring contact ful. The spring o1 is pressed against the commonreturn 'u when the valve controlled by the solenoid is operated.

In the lower part ot Fig. 1 the manner is illustrated in which, by meansof a key 11 which lifts a spring valve, a. lever 13 can be rocked whoseright hand end carries adjustable contact members 140, 141. The rightend 15 of the lever 13 is guided by a pin 16 fixed in the part 17. Thedownward travel ot the right end of the lever 13 is limited by a setscrew or nut 18. Arranged beneath the adjustable contact 140, 141 aremovable contact members 190, 191 in the form of hinged bars, which formcommon returns ot the individual circuits. The hinged bar 190 can bemoved by a rod in the direction of the arrow. The hinged common returnbar 191 can be swung round by the armature 22 of a magnet 21. TheContact members 140, 141 are annular pieces of 4flat metal or metalloops guided in slots in the lever 13 so as to be always held in acertain position. These flat contact members or loops 140, 141 areriveted to threaded stems 142, 143 whose threaded portions are screwedinto sleeves 144. 145 of hard rubber.

The holes in which the sleeves 144, 145 are slidably arranged are closedby covers 146, 147 adapted to be fastened in the said holes. Springs148, 149 are positioned in the holes for pressing down the sleeves. Thewires connecting the parts 140, 141 with the contact member of the'lever' 17 are fasl 7 Atened to the upper ends of the stems 142,

143 and led through the covers. After taking off the coversV 146, 147,the sleeves 144,

145 together with the stems may be removed from the holes and the stemsmay be adj usted in the sleeves by screwing. Thus the contact betweenthe parts 14() and 141 with the bars 190` and 191,1nay be regulated.This arrangement is particularly suitable for coupling the manuals andoctaves.

The part 23 is connected to the organ cable from which only one wire 24is shown and consists ot' aspring 25 which is connected to the contactmembers 140, 141 by being pushed into itsproper position. An

llO

l'lll setting device exchangeable spark preventer 26 is associated withthe said contact spring. 27 is a return wire which leads from the commonreturns 190, 191 and the spark preventer 26 to the battery 28. 29 is thereturn wire trom the magnets or solenoids. rIwo series ot projections 52and 52l are arranged on each ot the bars 37 and 37 besides each other,one series 52 of these projections projecting at one side of the saidbars the ot-her series 52' staggered to the iirst series 52 at the otherside of the said bars.

The lower part ot' Fig. 5 illustrates a stop control device. 32 is a.fixed bus bar and a movable contact member or spring co-operatingtherewith. rEhe spring or wire 33 is operated so as to make Contact withthe bus bar in any suitable manner. The means illustrated for eliectingthis are a 34, a pull 35, a rocking board 3G, two further rocking boardsor bars 37, 37, a crescendo roll or drum 38, and two hinged bars 39 and39H. The drum 3S has a plurality ot' projections or cams situated instaggered relation on the drum and from which one 54 is shown insection.

The spring may be pressed down' by a one-arm lever 42 pivoted at 43. Thepivot 43 is iixed to a lever 44. Hence when the right end of the lever44 is lowered the lever will press down by its own weight the spring 32to establish contact with the bus bar At its lett end the lever 44 isprovided with an indicating pin or plate 45. By pressing down thesetting member 34 which swings on the pivot 46, the vleft end ot thelever 44 can be raised. lVhen the lever 44 is moved in this manner theindicator 45 emerges from its hole and is preterably arranged to pointto a disk 47 which displays the name otl the particular stop or registerin question, so that the player ot' the organ will see that this stop isput on. Connected with the lever 44 is a locking member or spring 48which retains the lever in whatever position it may have been inovedinto. rI`he rocking bars 37, 37a are used for operating a number otlevers 44 simultaneously. either for restoring them, or tor movingtheminto their cti-normal positions. Hence these rocking bars correspond tothe fixed combinations of the organ. Screwed tast to the rocking bars37, 3TL are small pr jections 52, 52a some oi which extend upwards,while the others extend downwardly. The projections 52 serve to put thestops on, while the projection 52"L operates to put them ofi.

Connected to the pull or knob 35 is an angle piece 53 in which arepivoted two onearmed levers 53a, 53". The flat. pivoted bar 36 isadapted to be turned in the direction of the arrow. IVhen a knob 35 ispulled out, and the one-arm lever 53a is thus drawn 'to the left, t-herotation of the bar 36 will result in the lever 35L being swung upwardsso as to rock the lever 44. Any levers 44 of stops which are not drawnat this time, but which may have been previously drawn are restored totheir normal positions when the bar 36 is turned as described, thisrestorl tion being effected by means of the levers 53h. The knob or pull35 and its associated parts are used for setting up any desiredcombination of claviers etc.

The putting;r on or ori' of all stops is etiiected by means ot' hingedbars 39, 39, which engage with the right hand ends of all the levers 44asimultaneously. The crescendo drum 38 acts upon a series ot levers 44. For each stop there are two levers 44 placed side by side whoseindicators 45 preferably have diti'erent colours. The drum 38 has teeth54 each ot' which controls a certain stop and which operate insuccession. The teeth effect the levers 44. 44a by engaging with apivoted dog 5E which is pressed oown when the drum 38 it rotatedcounter-clockwise and is brushed aside when the drum is rotated in theopposite direction. ri"he stop is returned to normal by the same toothengaging with the oblique end of the lever 44 and thus raisingr it.

By providing two independent levers 44 one or" which is operated by thecrescendo drum the organ player is enabled to observe which stops areoperated by the crescendo drum and which of them are operated by othermeans. on by the crescendo drum or by other means can be restored bybars 56, 53 which are adapted to be moved up and down and pro vided withprojections arranged to act on the one or the other series of levers 42.This operation by means of the bars 5G, 5G can be effected withoutaii'ecting the manual adjustments and the indicators at the Alront ot'the organ, because the arms 42 are raised without moving the levers 44.By lowering the bars 56 or 5621 the particular group of stops, i. e. thesettings effected by the crescendo drum and the other devices, can bemade to take ed'ect again. In cases in which separate indicators for thecrescendo drum are not required, this drum can be made to act on thesame levers that are operated by the other selectable stop settingmeans. In such a case the crescendo stop cannot be put out of operationby itsel't.

I claim l. In an organ, pipes, a windchest connected to a pipe by meansof an opening, a closing member for closing the said opening, atone-channel, a stop-channel, and a double armed lever associated withthe said closing` member and being underthe influence ot the action ofboth the tone-channel and the stop-channel.

2. In an organ, pipes, a windehest-l con- The stops that have been put lnected to a pipe by means of an opening, a closing member for closingthe said open` ing, a double armed lever associated with the saidclosing member, and an inflatable device on each arm of the said leverone device being connected to a tone-channel and the other to astop-channel.

3. In an organ, pipes, a Windchest connected to a pipe by means ot anopening, a closing member for closing the said open ing, a double armedlever associated With the closing member and being under the action of atone-channel and a stop-channel, a lirst controlling means forcontrolling the said tone-channel, and a second controlling means forcontrolling the said stop-channel so as to charge or discharge the saidchannels.

4. In an organ, pipes, a windchest connected to a plurality of pipes bymeans of an opening for each pipe, a plurality oi closing members eachadapted to close and to open one of said openings, and a donbie armedlever associated with one ot said closing members the lever being underthe action of a tone-channel and a stop-channel.

5. In an organ, pipes, a windchest connected to a pipe by means of anopening, a doubled armed lever, a first inflatable device and a closingmember for closing the said opening on one arm of the said lever, thesaid inliatable device being arranged on the end of the said arm Whilethe closing member is arranged adjacent to the turning point of the saidlever, and a second inflatable device on the other arm of the saidlever, one of the said inflatable devices being connected with atone-channel the other inflatable device being connected with astop-channel.

6. In an organ, a Windchest, a pipe, a plurality of openings leadingfrom the Windchest to the said pipe, a closing member for each opening,and a double armed lever associated With each of said closing members,the said levers being under the action of diierent tone-channels anddiiferent stop-cham nels.

7. In an organ, a pipe, a Windchest having an opening for supporting airto the said pipe, a closing member ior the said opening associated to adouble armed lever, one arm of the said lever being under the action ofa tone-channel, the other arm nnder the action of a stop-channel, and aspring adapted to keep closed the said closing member.

8. In an crean, a pipe, a Windchest having an opening ibr supporting airto the said pipe, a closing member for the said opening associated to adouble armed lever, one-arm of the said lever being under the action ofa tone-channel, the other arm under the action of a stop-channel, and aspring adapted to keep closed the said closing member, the

said spring being arranged close to the turning point of the said lever.

9. In an organ, a Windchest, a tone channel and a valve having tivoclosing members adapted to connect the said channel with the saidWindchest or with the open air, the said valve being arranged in aseparate casing removably fastened to the outside of the Windchest.

10. In an organ, a Windchest, a stop channel and a valve having twoclosing members adapted to connect the said channel with the saidWindchest or with the open air, the said valve being arranged in aseparate'casing removably fastened to the outside of the Windchest.

11. In an organ, a Windchest, a tone channel, a stop channel, a firstcontrolling device for controlling the said tone channel, a secondcontrolling device for controlling the said stop channel, eachcontrolling device consisting in a valve having two closing membersadapted to connect the said respective channel with the said vvindchestor with the open air, and an inflatable device one part of which formingitseltl one of the said closing members adapted to be controlled so asto be charged with the pressed air of the said Wmdchest or dischargedkto the open air, each valve being arranged in a separate casingremovably fastened to the outside of the said Windchest. f

l2. In an organ, a Windchest, a tone channel, a stopchannel, a firstcontrollingfdevice for controlling the said tone channel, and a secondcontrolling device for controlling the said stop channel, eachcontrolling device consisting in a valve having two closing membersadapted to connect the said respective channel With the Windchest orwith the open air eachcontrolling valve and control-y ling means beingarranged in a casing removably fastened to the outside of the saidWindchest the casings being equally formed in such a manner that eachorl the valves is applicable as Well to a tone channel as to a stopchannel of the Windchest.

13. In an organ, a Windchest, a controlling valve having an inllatablechamber, and a double acting controlling means for connect-e ing thesaid chamber With the said Windchest or the open air, the said doubleacting controlling means being adapted to act in one direction otmovement by Weight and in the other direction to be lifted by force, thesaid valve being arranged in a casing removably fastened to the outsideof the Windchest.

14. In an organ, a windchest, a controlling valve having an iniiatablechamber, a double acting controlling means for connecting the saidchamber With the said vvindchest or the open air, the said double actingcontrolling means being adapted to act in one direction oi' movement byWeight and in the other dillO rection to be lifted by force, the saidvalve being arranged in a casing removably fastened to the outside ofthe Windchest, and electricalmeans for lifting the said double actingcontrolling means.

15. In an organ, a windchest, a controlling valve having an inatablechamber, a double acting controlling means lor connecting the saidchamber with the said Windchest or theopen air, the said double actingcontrolling means being adaptedto act in one direction ot movement byweight and in the other direction to be lifted by force, the saidvalve-being arranged in a casing removably fastened to the outside ofthe ivindchest, and asolenoid for lifting the said double actingcontrolling means.

16. In an organ, a Windchest, a valve connecting a channel with theinterior of the said Windchest or with the open air, aninflatable-device for moving the valve, controlling means 't'orconnecting the interior of tlie-iniiatable device with theinterior otthe Windchest or with the open air, and moving means for moving thecontrolling means, the controlling means including a Weight providedwith a plate the latter being adapted to close an opening connecting theWindcliest with the interior of the infiat-able device under the actionof its Weight and to belitted opposite to the said weight to open thesaid opening.

17. In anforgan, a double` acting pn-eumat-ic valve, a channel being inconnection with the inii'atable part of the said valve, in

the channel tivo openings, and a controlling member for the saidopenings consisting of a weight in connection withv a plate, the saidplate being as Well adapted to be arranged within the `said channelasopposite to the Weight-at the outside of the said channel.

18. Inv an organ, a stop relay, means for controlling the said relay, amovable member for actuating the said controlling means, a stop-key, amechanical device for setting selectable combinations, and a mechanicaldevice for setting fixed combinations, the said stop key and the saiddevices being each adapted to move the said member.

19. In an organ according to claim 18, a key-board, and means for makingremarkable tlie'lmoveinent of the said member on the key-board.

250. In an organ, a series of stop-relays, means for controlling each ofthe said stoprelays, a series of movable members each adapted to actuateone of the said controllingl means, a lseriesof stop-keys eaclr adaptedto actuate a said member, a device for setting selectable combinations,and a plurality of devices for setting fixed combinations, each oit' thesaid devices being adapted to movea plurality of the said members.

21. In an organ, a series of stop relays, means for controlling each ofthe said relays,

23. In an organ according to claim 9.1, a:

device ior setting selectable combinations, anda device for set-tinglixcd combinations each adapted to actuate the said lirst movablemembers.

24. In an organ according to claim 21, a key-board, and means forindependently making remarkable the movement of the said first and thesaid second members on the key-board.

25.` In an organ according to claim 21, a

device for setting selectable combinations, a 'Y device for settingfixed combinations, each of the said devices being adapted to actuatetlie said first movable members, a key-board, and means forindependently making remarkable the movement of the saidrlirst and thesaid second members on the key-board. 2G. In an organ, a Windchest, avalve connesting a channel With the interior ofthe said ivindchest orwith the open air, an1 inlatable device for moving the valve,controlling means for connecting the interior.

of the inllatable device with the interior of the windchest or with theopenl air, .and moving means for moving the controlling means, thecontrolling means including a: Weight provided with. a plate the latterbeing` adapted' to open an openinglconnecting the Windchestwith theinterior. of the inflatableV devicennder the actionv ofits Weifht and tobe lifted opposite-to the said weiglit toy closeV the said opening.

27. In an organ, a windchest, a first channel, alirst valve adaptedto`connect the first channel with the interior of the Windchest or with theopen air, a first inflatable device for moving the said valveirstcontrollin means for connecting the interior of the sai:

inflatable device with the interior of the Windchest or. With the openair,rlirst moving means for moving theA said controlling.

means, the said controlling meansV including a weight provided with arplate'the latter being adapted to close a first opening connect-ing theWindchest with the interior of the said inflatable device under theaction of its Weight and to be lifted opposite to the said Weight toopen the said opening, a`

second channel, a second valve adapted to connectfthe second channelwith the interior of the Windchest or with the open air, a

'L open a second opening connecting the Windchest with the interior ofthe said second inflatable device under the action of its weight and tobe lifted opposite to the said Weight to close the said opening, thesaid first controlling means and the said second controlling means beingadapted to be interchanged, so as to change the rst valve to act likethe second valve.

28. In an organ, a Windchest, a first channel, a valve adapted toconnect the first channel with the interior of the Windcheet or With theopen air, an iniatable .device for moving the said valve, a secondchannel communicating with the interior of the said inflatable device, aiirst opening in the said second channel adapted to connect theWindchest With the said channel, a second opening in the said secondchannel adapted to connect the said second channel With the open air,and a controlling means adapted to alternatively close and open one ofthe said openings.

29. In an organ, a windohest, a first channel, a valve adapted toconnect the first channel with the interior of the' Windchest or Withthe open air, an inflatable device for moving the said valve, a secondchannel communicating With the interior of the said inflatable device, afirst opening in the said second channel adapted to connect theWindchest with the said channel, a second opening in the said secondchannel adapted to connect the said second channel With the open air, acontrolling means adapted to alternatively close and open one of thesaid openings, and moving means for movin@r the said controlling means,the said controtlling means including a Weight provided with a plate andadapted to be lifted by the said moving means, the Weight With its platebeing adapted to be arranged so that the Weight itself in its normalposition closes the said second opening and in its lifted position opensit, While at the same time the said plate is adapted to open and closerespectivel)7 the said iirst opening, the same Weight'being also adaptedto be arranged With its plate between the said openings so that theplate is adapted under the action of the Weight to open the firstopening and to close the second opening or vice versa to close the iirstopening and to open the second opening, when the Weight is lifted.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

PAUL VALGKER.

